# Kerodon

$\Newextarrow{\xRightarrow}{5,5}{0x21D2}$ $\newcommand\empty{}$

Theorem 5.2.4.1. Let $U: \operatorname{\mathcal{M}}\rightarrow \Delta ^1$ be a functor of $\infty$-categories, and suppose we are given a commutative diagram $\sigma :$

$\xymatrix@R =50pt@C=50pt{ \{ 1\} \times \operatorname{\mathcal{C}}\ar [r] \ar [d] & \{ 1\} \times \operatorname{\mathcal{D}}\ar [d]^-{g} \\ \Delta ^1 \times \operatorname{\mathcal{C}}\ar [r]^-{h} & \operatorname{\mathcal{M}}}$

in the category $(\operatorname{Set_{\Delta }})_{/\Delta ^1}$. Then $\sigma$ is a categorical pushout diagram of simplicial sets (Definition 4.5.4.1) if and only if the following conditions are satisfied:

$(1)$

The restriction $h|_{ \{ 0\} \times \operatorname{\mathcal{C}}}: \operatorname{\mathcal{C}}\rightarrow \{ 0\} \times _{\Delta ^1} \operatorname{\mathcal{M}}$ is a categorical equivalence of simplicial sets.

$(2)$

The morphism $g: \operatorname{\mathcal{D}}\rightarrow \{ 1\} \times _{\Delta ^1} \operatorname{\mathcal{M}}$ is a categorical equivalence of simplicial sets.

$(3)$

For every vertex $C \in \operatorname{\mathcal{C}}$, the restriction $h|_{ \Delta ^1 \times \{ C\} }$ is a $U$-cocartesian morphism of $\operatorname{\mathcal{M}}$.

Moreover, if these conditions are satisfied, then $U$ is a cocartesian fibration.

Proof of Theorem 5.2.4.1. Let $U: \operatorname{\mathcal{M}}\rightarrow \Delta ^1$ be a functor of $\infty$-categories and suppose we are given a commutative diagram $\sigma :$

$\xymatrix@R =50pt@C=50pt{ \{ 1\} \times \operatorname{\mathcal{C}}\ar [r]^-{F} \ar [d] & \{ 1\} \times \operatorname{\mathcal{D}}\ar [d]^-{g} \\ \Delta ^1 \times \operatorname{\mathcal{C}}\ar [r]^-{h} & \operatorname{\mathcal{M}}}$

in the category $(\operatorname{Set_{\Delta }})_{/\Delta ^1}$. We wish to show that $\sigma$ is a categorical pushout square if and only if conditions $(1)$ through $(3)$ of Theorem 5.2.4.1 are satisfied.

We first reduce to the case where $\operatorname{\mathcal{C}}$ and $\operatorname{\mathcal{D}}$ are $\infty$-categories. Choose inner anodyne morphisms $\operatorname{\mathcal{C}}\hookrightarrow \operatorname{\mathcal{C}}'$ and $\operatorname{\mathcal{D}}\hookrightarrow \operatorname{\mathcal{D}}'$, where $\operatorname{\mathcal{C}}'$ and $\operatorname{\mathcal{D}}'$ are $\infty$-categories (Corollary 4.1.3.3). Since the fiber $\{ 1\} \times _{\Delta ^1} \operatorname{\mathcal{M}}$ is an $\infty$-category, we can extend $g$ to a functor $g': \operatorname{\mathcal{D}}' \rightarrow \{ 1\} \times _{\Delta ^1} \operatorname{\mathcal{M}}$. Similarly, the composition $\operatorname{\mathcal{C}}\xrightarrow {F} \operatorname{\mathcal{D}}\hookrightarrow \operatorname{\mathcal{D}}'$ extends to a functor of $\infty$-categories $F': \operatorname{\mathcal{C}}' \rightarrow \operatorname{\mathcal{D}}'$. Using Exercise 3.1.7.10, we can factor $F'$ as a composition $\operatorname{\mathcal{C}}' \xrightarrow {F''} \operatorname{\mathcal{D}}'' \xrightarrow {v} \operatorname{\mathcal{D}}'$, where $F''$ is a monomorphism and $v$ is a trivial Kan fibration. It follows from Lemma 1.4.7.5 that the inclusion map

$( \Delta ^1 \times \operatorname{\mathcal{C}}) \coprod _{ ( \{ 1\} \times \operatorname{\mathcal{C}}) } (\{ 1\} \times \operatorname{\mathcal{C}}' ) \hookrightarrow \Delta ^1 \times \operatorname{\mathcal{C}}'$

is inner anodyne, so that we can extend $h$ to a functor $h': \Delta ^1 \times \operatorname{\mathcal{C}}' \rightarrow \operatorname{\mathcal{M}}$ satisfying $h'|_{ \{ 1\} \times \operatorname{\mathcal{C}}'} = g' \circ F'$. By virtue of Proposition 4.5.4.9, $\sigma$ is a categorical pushout square if and only if the diagram $\sigma :$

$\xymatrix@R =50pt@C=50pt{ \{ 1\} \times \operatorname{\mathcal{C}}' \ar [r]^-{F''} \ar [d] & \{ 1\} \times \operatorname{\mathcal{D}}'' \ar [d]^-{g' \circ v} \\ \Delta ^1 \times \operatorname{\mathcal{C}}' \ar [r]^-{h'} & \operatorname{\mathcal{M}}}$

is a categorical pushout square. We may therefore replace $\operatorname{\mathcal{C}}$ and $\operatorname{\mathcal{D}}$ by $\operatorname{\mathcal{C}}'$ and $\operatorname{\mathcal{D}}''$, and thereby reduce to the case where $\operatorname{\mathcal{C}}$ and $\operatorname{\mathcal{D}}$ are $\infty$-categories and $F$ is a monomorphism.

The assumption that $F$ is a monomorphism guarantees that the natural map

$\iota : (\Delta ^1 \times \operatorname{\mathcal{C}}) \coprod _{ ( \{ 1\} \times \operatorname{\mathcal{C}})} \operatorname{\mathcal{D}}\rightarrow \operatorname{\mathcal{C}}\star _{\operatorname{\mathcal{D}}} \operatorname{\mathcal{D}}$

is also a monomorphism, and Proposition 5.2.4.4 guarantees that $\iota$ is a categorical equivalence of simplicial sets. Since $\operatorname{\mathcal{M}}$ is an $\infty$-category, Lemma 4.5.5.2 guarantees the existence of a functor $G: \operatorname{\mathcal{C}}\star _{\operatorname{\mathcal{D}}} \operatorname{\mathcal{D}}\rightarrow \operatorname{\mathcal{M}}$ satisfying $G|_{ \Delta ^1 \times \operatorname{\mathcal{C}}} = h$ and $G|_{\operatorname{\mathcal{D}}} = g$. By virtue of Proposition 4.5.4.9, the diagram $\sigma$ is a categorical pushout square if and only if the functor $G$ is an equivalence of $\infty$-categories.

Note that the functor $G$ fits into a commutative diagram

$\xymatrix@R =50pt@C=50pt{ \operatorname{\mathcal{C}}\star _{\operatorname{\mathcal{D}}} \operatorname{\mathcal{D}}\ar [rr]^-{G} \ar [dr]_{U'} & & \operatorname{\mathcal{M}}\ar [dl]^{U} \\ & \Delta ^1, & }$

where $U'$ is the cocartesian fibration of Proposition 5.2.3.15, and the functor $U$ is an isofibration (Example 4.4.1.6). The desired result now follows by applying the criterion of Theorem 5.1.5.1 (and invoking Remark 5.1.5.8). $\square$